1、traceback.print_exc() 2、traceback.format_exc() 3、traceback.print_exception()
简单说下这三个方法是做什么用的:
1、print_exc():是对异常栈输出
2、format_exc():是把异常栈以字符串的形式返回,print(traceback.format_exc()) 就相当于traceback.print_exc()
3、print_exception():traceback.print_exc()实现方式就是traceback.print_exception(sys.exc_info()),可以点sys.exc_info()进去看看实现
测试代码如下:
def func(a, b):
return a / b
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
import time
import traceback
try:
func(1, 0)
except Exception as e:
print('***', type(e), e, '***')
time.sleep(2)
print("***traceback.print_exc():*** ")
time.sleep(1)
traceback.print_exc()
time.sleep(2)
print("***traceback.format_exc():*** ")
time.sleep(1)
print(traceback.format_exc())
time.sleep(2)
print("***traceback.print_exception():*** ")
time.sleep(1)
traceback.print_exception(*sys.exc_info())
运行结果:
*** <class 'ZeroDivisionError'> division by zero ***
***traceback.print_exc():***
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 42, in <module>
func(1, 0)
File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 33, in func
return a / b
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero
***traceback.format_exc():***
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 42, in <module>
func(1, 0)
File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 33, in func
return a / b
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero
***traceback.print_exception():***
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 42, in <module>
func(1, 0)
File "E:/HttpRunnerManager-jh/ApiManager/tests.py", line 33, in func
return a / b
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero
可以看出,三种方式打印结果是一样的。在开发时,做调试是很方便的。也可以把这种异常栈写入日志。
logging.exception(ex)
# 指名输出栈踪迹, logging.exception的内部也是包了一层此做法
logging.error(ex, exc_info=1)
# 更加严重的错误级别
logging.critical(ex, exc_info=1)
# 我直接copy的,未尝试。有时间会试下的
python 还有一个模块叫cgitb,输出的error非常详情。
try:
func(1, 0)
except Exception as e:
import cgitb
cgitb.enable(format='text')
func(1, 0)
traceback.print_exc()跟traceback.format_exc()有什么区别呢?
format_exc()返回字符串,print_exc()则直接给打印出来。
即traceback.print_exc()与print traceback.format_exc()效果是一样的。
print_exc()还可以接受file参数直接写入到一个文件。比如
traceback.print_exc(file=open('tb.txt','w+'))
写入到tb.txt文件去。
参考: https://blog.csdn.net/lengxingxing_/article/details/56317838 |