单元测试,全局异常
一、单元测试
1.基础版
1、引入相关依赖
<!--springboot程序测试依赖,如果是自动创建项目默认添加-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
2:关键注解:@RunWith @SpringBootTest
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) //底层用junit SpringJUnit4ClassRunner
@SpringBootTest(classes={SpringbootstudyApplication.class})//启动整个springboot工程
public class SpringBootTestDemo {
@Test public void testOne(){
System.out.println("test hello 1");
TestCase.assertEquals(1, 1);
}
@Test public void testTwo(){
System.out.println("test hello 2");
TestCase.assertEquals(1, 1);
}
@Before public void testBefore(){
System.out.println("before");
}
@After public void testAfter(){
System.out.println("after");
}
}
输出结果:
2.MockMvc
MockMvc类的使用和模拟Http请求实战
TestController
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class TestController {
@RequestMapping("/vq/test")
public String getTest(){
return"我是测试返回值";
}
}
MockMvcTestDemo
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
/**
* 功能描述:测试mockmvc类
*
*/
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) //底层用junit SpringJUnit4ClassRunner
@SpringBootTest(classes={SpringbootstudyApplication.class}) //启动整个springboot工程
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class MockMvcTestDemo {
@Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Test
public void apiTest() throws Exception {
MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform( MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/vq/test") ).
andExpect( MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk() ).andReturn();
int status = mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus();
System.out.println(status);
}
}
结果:返回200状态码
总结,关键注解:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) //底层用junit SpringJUnit4ClassRunner
@SpringBootTest(classes={SpringbootstudyApplication.class}) //启动整个springboot工程
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
二、配置全局异常
首先springboot自带异常是不友好的。
举例
@RequestMapping(value = "/api/v1/test_ext")
public Object index() {
int i= 1/0;
return new User(11, "sfsfds", "1000000", new Date());
}
页面
1、配置全局异常
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
//添加全局异常注解
@RestControllerAdvice public class CustomExtHandler {
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CustomExtHandler.class);
//捕获全局异常,处理所有不可知的异常
@ExceptionHandler(value=Exception.class)
//@ResponseBody
Object handleException(Exception e,HttpServletRequest request){
LOG.error("url {}, msg {}",request.getRequestURL(), e.getMessage());
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("code", 100);
map.put("msg", e.getMessage());
map.put("url", request.getRequestURL());
return map;
}
}
在看页面:
关键注解:
@RestControllerAdvice //全局注解
@ExceptionHandler(value=Exception.class) //捕获不同异常,这里捕获是Exception异常,你也可以指定其它异常
2.自定义异常
在 Java 中你可以自定义异常。编写自己的异常类时需要记住下面的几点。
- 所有异常都必须是 Throwable 的子类。
- 如果希望写一个检查性异常类,则需要继承 Exception 类。
- 如果你想写一个运行时异常类,那么需要继承 RuntimeException 类。
1.自定义MyException异常
/**
* 功能描述:自定义异常类
*
*/
public class MyException extends RuntimeException {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public MyException(String code, String msg) {
this.code = code;
this.msg = msg;
}
private String code;
private String msg;
public String getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
}
controller类
/**
* 功能描述:模拟自定义异常
*/
@RequestMapping("/api/v1/myext")
public Object myexc(){
//直接抛出异常 throw new MyException("499", "my ext异常");
}
页面
想太多,做太少,中间的落差就是烦恼。想没有烦恼,要么别想,要么多做。上尉【7】
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