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Python3 捕捉异常

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  • TA的每日心情
    奋斗
    2024-11-24 15:47
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    发表于 2021-6-14 02:33:04 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

    可以通过try/except语句来实现捕获异常,如下:

    bpython version 0.15 on top of Python 3.5.1+ /usr/bin/python3
    >>> x=3
    >>> y=0 >>> x/y
    Traceback (most recent call last): File "<input>", line 1, in <module> x/y ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

    捕获异常:

    这里只输出提示信息:

    #!/usr/bin/env python
    # encoding: utf-8
    """
    @author: kamil.liu @file: except.py
    @time: 16-5-30 上午11:40
    """
    x = 3
    y = 0
    try:
        print(x/y)
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        print('The second number can`t be zero')

    结果:

    /usr/bin/python3.5 /home/kamil/PycharmProjects/untitled/test1/try/except.py
    The second number can`t be zero
    
    Process finished with exit code 0
    

    不加参数,捕获异常:

    如果捕获到异常,不处理,只传递异常,可以调用不带参数的raise,如下事例:

    传递异常:

    #!/usr/bin/env python
    # encoding: utf-8
    
    class MuffledCalculator:
        muffled = False
        def calc(self,expr):
            try:
                return eval(expr)
            except ZeroDivisionError:
                if self.muffled:
                    print("Division by zero is illegal")
                else:raise
    calculator = MuffledCalculator()
    print(calculator.calc('9/3'))
    #calculator.muffled = True
    print(calculator.calc('9/0'))
    
    """
    /usr/bin/python3.5 /home/kamil/PycharmProjects/untitled/test1/try/except.py
    3.0
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/home/kamil/PycharmProjects/untitled/test1/try/except.py", line 16, in <module>
        print(calculator.calc('9/0'))
      File "/home/kamil/PycharmProjects/untitled/test1/try/except.py", line 8, in calc
        return eval(expr)
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
    ZeroDivisionError: division by zero
    
    Process finished with exit code 1
    """

    不传递异常

    #!/usr/bin/env python
    # encoding: utf-8
    
    class MuffledCalculator:
        muffled = False
        def calc(self,expr):
            try:
                return eval(expr)
            except ZeroDivisionError:
                if self.muffled:
                    print("Division by zero is illegal")
                else:raise
    calculator = MuffledCalculator()
    print(calculator.calc('9/3'))
    calculator.muffled = True print(calculator.calc('9/0'))
    
    """
    /usr/bin/python3.5 /home/kamil/PycharmProjects/untitled/test1/try/except.py
    3.0
    Division by zero is illegal
    None
    
    Process finished with exit code 0
    """

    除0行为发生,屏蔽被打开,calc会返回None。

     

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